Technical

Emerging cyber threats you should be concerned about?

In this digital world, we are obsessed with the technology. Technology is changing every second. With the emergence of technology, the threats in the cybersecurity are increasing every day.

Cybersecurity comprises technologies, processes, and controls that are designed to protect systems, networks, and data from cyber-attacks. Effective cybersecurity reduces the risk of cyber-attacks and protects organizations and individuals from the unauthorized exploitation of systems, networks, and technologies.

Consequences of a Cyber-attack

Cyber-attacks can disrupt and cause considerable financial and reputational damage to even the most resilient organization. If you suffer a cyber-attack, you stand to lose assets, reputation, and business, and potentially face regulatory fines and litigation – as well as the costs of remediation.

Currently, we are facing a lot of cyber-attacks in terms of monetary fraud and information breaches.

Now a day’s common people have no idea about the potential threats. They often get exposed to social engineering. They often give their information to any third party who is having malicious intent. As a result, they suffer the loss in terms of money, data or information.

In India, most of the information of an individual is linked with aadhar card. It provides a unique identification number to the individual. It has the thumbprint and fingerprints of a person. The bank account is also linked with aadhar card. So it is our responsibility to secure that information from the hackers.

 

To know more about hacking read 

 

Threats to organization

All Internet-facing organizations are at risk of attack. And it’s not a question of if you’ll be attacked, but when you’ll be attacked. The majority of cyber-attacks are automated and indiscriminate, exploiting known vulnerabilities rather than targeting specific organizations. Your organization could be being breached right now and you might not even be aware.

Up to 70% of emails today are spam, and the vast majority of these still involve phishing scams. Other common hacking threats include ransomware, malware, and Distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, all of which have been responsible for major data breaches in recent months and which can leave both company and customer data vulnerable to cyber-criminals. A massive 93% of data breaches are motivated by financial gain, according to a recent Verizon report. Hackers aim for the highest return for the least amount of effort, which is why smaller businesses with lax security are often successfully targeted.

Banking, Financial Services and Insurance (BFSI): The BFSI sector is under growing pressure to update its legacy systems to compete with new digital-savvy competitors. The value of the customer data they hold has grown as consumers demand a more convenient and personalized service, but trust is essential. Some 50% of customers would consider switching banks if theirs suffered a cyber-attack, while 47% would “lose complete trust” in them, according to a recent study. A number of major banks around the world have already been subject to high-profile cyber-attacks suggesting that the sector needs to improve its approach to risk. Financial firms should invest in security applications that are able to adapt to the future of banking to ensure comprehensive, around-the-clock security. Shared Ledgers will feature prominently in the future of the BFSI sector, the best-known example of which is Blockchain, which forms the backbone of cryptocurrency Bitcoin. The blockchain is a database that provides a permanent record of transactions. It leaves an undisputed audit trail that can’t be tampered with, meaning it could completely transform security in the BFSI sector.

AI integrated attacks

AI is a double-edged sword as 91% of security professionals are concerned that hackers will use AI to launch even more sophisticated cyber-attacks.

AI can be used to automate the collection of certain information — perhaps relating to a specific organization — which may be sourced from support forums, code repositories, social media platforms and more. Additionally, AI may be able to assist hackers when it comes to cracking passwords by narrowing down the number of probable passwords based on geography, demographics and other such factors.

Telecom: There is a significant cybersecurity risk for telecom firms as carriers of internet data, and therefore a huge responsibility. Providers need to integrate cybersecurity measures into network hardware, software, applications and end-user devices in order to minimize the risk of a serious data breach, which could leave customer credentials and communications vulnerable. Consumers are increasingly careful about who they entrust their personal data to, providing a strong opportunity for networks that offer additional security services. In addition, a collaboration between rival operators could lead to greater resilience against cyber attackers.

As technologies progress, the skills needed to deal with cyber-security needs are changing. The challenge is to train cyber-security professionals so that they can deal with threats as quickly as possible and also adapt their skills as needed. There will be some 3.5 million unfilled cyber-security roles by 2021.

The Reality of Dreams

“Have you ever imagined standing in front of a dinosaur or walking on a different planet full of alien life?”

Probably. But is it really possible? The answer is yes and no. We certainly can’t bring back the dinosaurs. But we can make you walk on mars while still being in your hallway. How is that possible? Though Virtual Reality.

Virtual reality isn’t a new thought. As long as humans have lived they have dreamed and some have tried to make them real too. But creating a reality isn’t an easy thing. There have been other mediums through which people have portrayed their imagination. Just look at the various artists of fine arts. But nothing really equals something that can actually react to our stimuli.

The realms of possibilities:

Virtual Reality doesn’t happen just happen on a screen in front of you, but it happens all around you creating a feeling of being in an alternate reality altogether. This has quite a profound impact on anybody who witnesses it. And because of this factor, we have found some extraordinary uses for it. Let’s look at some of these:

• Training: The most revolutionary use of Virtual Reality has been in the training especially in those fields that involve high-risk operations like in the military, medical. Pilots and medical professionals like surgeons carry out some of the riskiest and dangerous operations in their field of work e.g. flying a military aircraft/ a brain surgery. In these situations, any untrained or undertrained person cannot be employed. Enter Virtual Reality, with modern day simulation systems a person can be trained for both situations without taking any risk on failure. Thereby providing these professionals the absolute necessary experience in handling the situation perfectly.

• Mental Health: Virtual Reality has been useful in treating some mental health issues such as post-traumatic stress. By making the patient go through the similar experience again the medical professionals help them cope with the situation they fear and avoid. It has also been particularly helpful for people suffering from autisms. By using Virtual Reality, they are learning to interact in the society thereby overcoming their barriers. To them, Virtual Reality is nothing less than a blessing.

• Entertainment: Virtual Reality has been booming in the sector and it is believed that Virtual Reality will find the most useful in this sector from games to movies everything is being researched and developed to provide the most realistic experience to the viewer. 3D is now a thing of the past as the world is trying for 5D, a viewing experience where you can physically feel the experience like walking with the characters.

• Augmented Reality: I’m sure everyone who has ever watched the Marvel’s Ironman movies must have wished to have their personal Jarvis. Well, that is what we call augmented reality. It is an effort to create a reality which is a combination of both the Virtual and Real space around you. Using Virtual Reality, we create a virtual layer over the real space and through the interaction with the virtual space we can carry out tasks. Of course, some physical work has to be done by you. We are just not there yet. Microsoft made an effort in this area with the HoloLens. And if not for anything it did work as a technology demonstrator for the future possibilities in that area.

• Business: Business has always employed the latest technology to become more efficient in their process of conducting all activities. Virtual Reality has significant potential to reduce the human effort in conducting some operations like business travels, conducting interviews, giving tours, forecasts trends and meetings. Solutions like virtual conference rooms can create a significant impact on the ways of conducting business.

• Design: Designers always need access to newer to help them better visualize their design. Just as CAD (Computer Aided Design) once revolutionized the design industry. The new Virtual Reality is the latest revolution, the best, that a designer can hope for. With the 3D rendering of their designs in a 3D space will enormously aid in the creativity and pace of design.

The unlikely pioneer- Games

When it comes to dreams and an alternate reality nothing can match the business of selling dreams and that is the gaming industry. In modern times, the best new technologies in the field of realism have come in the gaming industry and the gaming companies have gone above and beyond to create more realistic looking games. The leading gaming giants like Sony, Microsoft and Nintendo are all racing each other to capture the newly created market with the potential of billions. Each of them releasing latest and better VR console as soon as possible. And a healthy competition may certainly benefit the general populace as the best and latest become available at the cheapest price.

Conclusion:

The pace at which the technology is growing nowadays. The reality of dreams, where no one must carry a cell phone.
Where everyone will have a personal virtual assistant like Jarvis from Ironman that even talks to you isn’t far away.

Virtual Reality will bring the new revolution in the technology of future. Let me be bold and say this, VR is the future. And it is here.

“SELF DRIVING CARS” – Driverless experience

The autonomous car is a vehicle that can be capable of sensing its environment and navigating without human input. Autonomous cars have control systems that are capable of analyzing sensory data to distinguish between different cars on the road, which is very useful in planning a path to the desired destination. Autonomous cars can detect surroundings using a variety of techniques such as radar, lidar, GPS, odometry, and computer vision.

Self-driving technology is awesome in all these categories. Google’s self-driving fleet, operated under its “Waymo” brand, is still in the testing phase.  Google plans to start small by deploying its multi-sized autonomous fleet in confined areas like college campuses, military bases, and corporate office parks.

Google get additional miles under its range before rolling out its self-driving cars onto city streets. Google has long pitched self-driving cars as a way to cut down on traffic deaths and as a tool for those who cannot drive.

Google’s making some of its own sensing hardware, in a matter to keep prices down. The goal is always the same reduce cost and complexity and increase profit.

Self-driving cars may not be able to drive everywhere a human-driven vehicle can, such as construction zones or lanes only for emergency vehicles.

The utmost advantage the people will have is the world with fewer accidents, fewer traffic deaths, greater energy efficiency, and lower insurance premiums. This is the world of autonomous driving. It brings mobility to people who lack easy or practical access to driving, such as the elderly and disabled. It also appeals to the lifestyles and virtues embraced by millennials, such as health, entertainment, and mindfulness.

Software Testing Trends Every Tester Should Follow

Software testing techniques and methods have changed a lot in the last decade. Inspired by the manufacturing process, software testing has acquired the waterfall approach to test for the quality, which involved step-by-step checks and case tests when the products are at user acceptance phase. This made the task a lot more difficult for manual testers as the amount of data to be processed to run all the test cases was too much.

The emergence of Agile and DevOps methodology by many business organizations insert the testing and checking process at an earlier phase of the process. Similarly, there had been considerable changes in Software Testing methods in past that needs to look forward in future.

So let’s check out the following testing trends which will transform the future prediction:-

1. A shift from QA to Quality Engineering

The world is changing continuously, and every now and then, there is a talk about new technology surfacing in the market. Quality Assurance (QA) follows a systematic waterfall approach for testing which is a step by step process, making it through but lengthy at the same time. Hence, QA is struggling to keep up with the changing dynamics in the testing field. QA can sometimes perform as a bottleneck to a complete flow of processes. As it follows a step-by-step test, the previous process needs to be completely done for the next to begin and beings a manual tester one can only look after this in detail. But with QA the amount of data and processes can easily pile up. With Quality Engineering one can introduce the testing and automation process earlier in the process rather than at the customer’s acceptance phase.

2. IoT

IoT (Internet of Things) is one of the fastest growing technologies in today’s world and IoT is the challenge for Test Automation. A complete web of things is interconnected with each other through the internet (still sounds like one of those sci-fi movies). The hardware is controlled by dedicated software which connects them to the internet and from there it connects to all other things. As great as it may sound, there are a number of vulnerabilities in the system. Hence, the products which are connected should be tested for functionality, quality, and most important security. As per HP reports, around 70 % of the systems connected to IoT are vulnerable to security-related issues.

3.Digital Transformation with Agile

Agile Methodology has been used for the last 17 years after it was discussed in Manifesto of Agile Software Development. This methodology promotes working with various small teams in collaboration and while doing these tasks & taking on a smaller amount of processes and makes a quick and continuous delivery. Modern practices based on Agile Manifesto can be really helpful with User Experiences (UX) work like planning, execution, and evaluation.

4. DevOps

DevOps is a term used for a particular set of rules or principles to reduce the amount of time from development to operations. DevOps is not particularly a new concept in business but its emergence in the technical field is quite recent and in the past 5 years, it has gained a tremendous amount of support from the business organization. In the coming years, more organizations are likely to adapt to these set of principles to improve their overall performances as its emphasis on Automation and Integration.

5. Time for Big Data Testing

We live in the golden age of technology, where the clients and users on various platforms upload terabytes of data and so managing such amount of data, it needs a unique approach for testing. Big Data Testing is a process which can be helpful for business to test such large amounts of data. The main aim is to test the data for quality to start with. Big data is a really large amount of datasets which can’t be processed by traditional computing techniques.

6. Bigger Market share for Mobile Users & Test Automation

Mobile is now one of the most important parts of an individuals’ life. Nowadays there is an app for everything where the number of devices, OS platforms, and software runs on a single app. Testing mobile applications is a much more complex task than testing websites and the number of updates, types of devices and software updates coming every day makes it even harder to keep up with. Hence cost and market readiness are really important in future, Mobile app testing automation can be really vital.

7. API and Micro Services Test Automation

Microservice is basically a method of developing software to specifically test for any particular conditions. Types of services can be generated and by establishing a connection between them, the whole task can be divided into parts. In this, each service is created in such a way that it can perform a particular set of processes. This gives you the freedom to make changes in any smaller specific area of the application which requires changes instead of changing the whole system.

8. Increasing Adoption of Open Source Tools

Open source tools are really beneficial for business and are going to play a vital role in future too. There are many advantages of using Open Source Tools other than the cost, as it is a free to use and available to the public. It can be easily customizable, is more flexible than some expensive proprietary stuff and it is open for public. Users do have a hand in designing so it really gives you the freedom to design the way you want and there are many integrations for your powerful Test Automation too. A debatable point could be that of security, as being available to the public is not actually a definition of secure but when it goes through more sets of eyes the chances of finding out the bug and fixing it increases.

These are all talks about the methods and principles of Software Testing, which can be really important in changing and speeding the process. This will result in faster updates, better user experience and further advancement to the next level of computing.

If you want to get your software tested very well, you are free to contact JAIN SOFTWARE via the call on 0771-4700 300 or an email on global@jain.software.

TECHNOLOGY – I Can’t Live Without

By Author – Yasha Jain

Nowadays, Technology has taken an important place in our life. Almost everybody nowadays has already used technology in one way or another. This just means that the influence of technology is so boundless that it has already reached all of the people in the entire globe today.

Telephones and laptops have become very important around the world. Many people feel bad and lost when their cell phones are taken away. Digital has good and bad aspects. Technology has transformed how politicians and journalists do their business. They can send and receive messages or talk with someone everywhere.

However, too much technology can be bad for people. One study shows that 55 % of high school students spend 9 hours a day using the social network sites and just 1 hour to learn and read. The younger generation is not having face to face conversations but facebook to facebook conversations. Technology can also be bad for business. Many people think they can do a lot of things at the same time, it’s multitasking. Multitasking can affect the brain and can cause stress.

The advancement in technology has occurred rapidly over the past few generations but with this advancement became the depletion of our communication skill. The technology revolution brought with it internet, computers and mobiles phones all of which are the key factor in now dreadful communication skills. Though this new element in society such as texting and video gaming it has become rare to see people, mostly all teenagers, and children, are having a normal face to face discussion especially on the more sensitive topics. This is a social problem which needs to be addressed and solved by the society.

The occurrence of the network society brought about many benefits to the society but the detrimental loss of our communication skills is a major disadvantage to the society. Mobile phones allow fast and easy communication; however, it disallows many people to be comfortable with conversing or confronting people in a facing manner. And the addition of the world of video games to society is slowly helping in the process of cutting our youth off from basic and vital communication skills. This technology epidemic causing a major problem in our society and it should be addressed and solved.

Technology has grown at a massive pace. It’s hard to think of any arena of life or daily activity today which we don’t use technology for. In fact, technology has come so far that you might argue it’s hard to live without it. It’s not that it’s impossible- just that technology makes everything more convenient. It saves us time and makes even the most menial tasks more interesting. Here are some of the reasons it’s hard to imagine a life without technology.

When you think of entertainment, you’re likely to think of technology. People these days get their kicks from televisions, online videos, and gaming systems.

The technology in TVs today is incredible. We can now stream movies and TV shows directly from the internet. What’s more, you can watch in stunning, crystal-clear quality.

More people nowadays are turning to their computers and smartphones for entertainment. In fact apps like YouTube and Instagram give people hours of entertaining video content.

Even traditional forms of entertainment have met with technology. With so much entertainment available at the hands of technological devices, it’s hard to live without it.

My life would be so different without all these technologies. I would not be able to talk to my friends all the time. I probably would not be able to talk to them at all. I text my friends to high school to all the time. I also talk to my friends on my facebook. I would not be able to travel to that much places without the train. My life would be so different without my TV, computer phones, etc.

I do believe that I am very dependent on them. Sometimes I might take it to the next level. One time I woke up and went straight on to Facebook through my smartphone. I think about it now I did not even leave my bed and I was on facebook. Sometimes I will sit on the bed and be on the internet. So I guess I am dependent on technology because, without it, I will get very bored.

Mostly I am very dependent on technology. Most of the times, I have my smartphones with me. So I can listen to music, chat to friends, surf internet and watch videos when I travel. On my breaks between classes, I try to access internet on phone. I will use the internet to text my friend to the next classes.

Without technology, I fell disconnected from the world. I would not be able to talk my friends at all. I really think without technology I myself won’t be able to survive or might die of pure boredom.

In the world of technology, nobody likes to search through a bunch of old books for hours trying to find a small piece of information when you could have pages of all the facts you need with just the click of a mouse. Without having a computer to help me find information when I need it, my life would be a lot more complicated. With computers, almost any problem you have can be solved just by pressing a few buttons.

Although after this long concept, I can conclude Technology as An Addiction.

Paper Battery

Let us first know what is a Paper battery?

A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage and production device formed by combining carbon nanotube s with a conventional sheet of cellulose-based paper. A paper battery acts as both a high-energy battery and supercapacitor, combining two components that are separate in traditional electronics. This combination allows the battery to provide both long-term, steady power production and bursts of energy.In addition to being unusually thin, paper batteries are flexible and environmentally-friendly, allowing integration into a wide range of products. Their functioning is similar to conventional chemical batteries with the important difference that they are non-corrosive and do not require extensive housing.

How does Paper Battery work?

The conventional rechargeable batteries which we use in our day-to-day life consist of various separating components which are used for producing electrons with the chemical reaction of a metal and electrolyte. If once the paper of the battery is dipped in ion-based liquid, then the battery starts working i.e.,electricity is generated?by the movement of electrons from cathode terminal to anode terminal. This is due to the chemical reaction between the electrodes of paper battery and liquid. Due to the quick flow of the ions within a few seconds (10sec) energy will be stored in the paper-electrode during the recharging. By stacking various paper-batteries up on each other, the output of the paper battery can be increased.As the paper batteries are connected each other very closely for increasing their output, there is a chance of occurring short between the?anode terminal and cathode terminal. If once the anode terminal contacts with cathode terminal, then there will be no flow of current in the external circuit. Thus, to avoid the short circuit between anode and cathode a barrier or separator is needed, which can be fulfilled by the paper separator.

“Technology is driving the innovation. Technology is driving the creativity”

What are Paper Battery Properties?

The properties of the paper battery can be recognized from the properties of cellulose such as :-

• excellent porosity
• biodegradability
• non-toxic
• recyclability
• high-tensile strength
• good absorption capacity
• low-shear strength

also from the properties of carbon nanotubes such as low mass density, flexibility, high packing density, lightness, better electrical conductivity than silicon, thin (around 0.5 to 0.7mm), and low resistance.

Paper Battery Manufacturing:-

One method is to grow the nanotubes on a silicon substrate and then filling the gaps in the matrix with cellulose. When the matrix is dried, the material can be removed the substrate. Combining the sheets together with the cellulose sides facing inwards, the battery structure is formed. The electrolyte is added to the structure.

“Technology will not replace great teachers but technology in the hands of great teachers can be transformational”

Applications of Paper Batteries:

With the developing technologies and reduction in the cost of cathode nanotubes, these batteries find applications in the following fields:

• Nanotubes used for Paper Battery

Paper Battery= Paper (Cellulose) + Carbon Nanotubes

The paper battery can be used for various applications as it facilitates advantages such as folding, twisting, molding, crumpling, shaping, and cutting without affecting on its efficiency. As the paper batteries are the combination of cellulose paper and carbon nanotubes, which facilitates advantages of long-term usage, steady power, and bursts of energy. These types of paper batteries are estimated to use for powering the next generation vehicles and medical devices.

• Paper batteries in electronics

Paper batteries are used mainly in many electronic devices, such as mobile phones, laptop batteries, calculators, digital cameras and also in wireless communication devices like mouse, Bluetooth, keyboard, speakers, and headsets.

• Paper batteries in medical sciences

Paper batteries are used in the medical field such as for making pacemakers for the heart, artificial tissues, drug delivery systems, cosmetics and in Biosensors.

• Paper batteries in automobiles and aircraft

Paper batteries are used in automobiles and aircraft such as in lightweight, guided missiles, hybrid car batteries, long air flights and in satellite programs for powering electronic devices.

This is all about the paper battery with its working principles and applications.

These batteries have the potential adaptability to power the next generation electronic appliances, medical devices and hybrid vehicles. So, these batteries could solve all the problems associated with conventional electrical energy storage devices. Furthermore, for any queries, regarding this article or any other?electrical projects, you can leave your comments, suggestions by commenting in the comment section below.

• Electrochemical Batteries

Electrochemical batteries can be modified to integrate the use of paper. An electrochemical battery typically uses two metals, separated into two chambers and connected by a bridge or a membrane which permits the exchange of electrons between the two metals, thereby producing energy. Paper can be integrated into electrochemical batteries by depositing the electrode onto the paper and by using paper to contain the fluid used to activate the battery. The paper that has been patterned can also be used in electrochemical batteries. This is done to make the battery more compatible with paper electronics. These batteries tend to produce low voltage and operate for short periods of time, but they can be connected in series to increase their output and capacity. Paper batteries of this type can be activated with bodily fluids which makes them very useful in the healthcare field such as single-use medical devices or tests for specific diseases. A battery of this type has been developed with a longer life to power?point of care?devices for the healthcare industry. The device used a paper battery made using a magnesium foil anode and a silver cathode has been used to detect diseases in patients such as kidney cancer, liver cancer, and osteoblastic bone cancer. The paper was patterned using wax printing and is able to be easily disposed of. Furthermore, this battery was developed at a low cost and has other practical application.

• Lithium-ion Batteries

Paper can be used in lithium-ion batteries as regular, commercial paper, or paper enhanced with single-walled carbon nanotubes. The enhanced paper is used as the electrode and as the separator which results in a sturdy, flexible battery that has great performance capabilities such as good?cycling, great efficiency, and good reversibility. Using paper as a separator is more effective than using plastic. The process of enhancing the paper, however, can be complicated and costly, depending on the materials used. A carbon nanotube and silver nanowire film can be used to coat regular paper to create a simpler and less expensive separator and battery support. The conductive paper can also be used to replace traditionally used metallic chemicals. The resulting battery performs well while simplifying the manufacturing process and reducing the cost. Lithium-ion paper batteries are flexible, durable, rechargeable, and produce significantly more power than electrochemical batteries. In spite of these advantages, there are still some drawbacks. In order for the paper to be integrated with the Li-ion battery, complex layering and insulating techniques are required for the battery to function as desired. One reason these complex techniques are used is to strengthen the paper used so that it does not tear as easily. This contributes to the overall strength and flexibility of the battery. These techniques require time, training, and costly materials. Additionally, the individual materials required are not environmentally friendly and require specific disposal procedures. Paper lithium-ion batteries would be best suited for applications requiring a substantial amount of energy over an extended period of time. Lithium-ion paper batteries can be composed of carbon nanotubes and a cellulose-based membrane and produce good results but at a high price tag. Other researchers have been successful using carbon paper manufactured from pyrolyzed filter paper. The paper is inserted in between the electrode and cathode.The use of a carbon paper as an interlayer in Li-S batteries improves the batteries efficiency and capacity. The carbon paper increases the contact area between the cathode and the electrode which allows for greater flow of electrons. The pores in the paper allow the electrons to travel easily while preventing the anode and the cathode from being in contact with one another. This translates into the greater output, battery capacity and cycle stability; these are improvements to conventional Li-S batteries. The carbon paper is made from?pyrolyzed?filter paper which is inexpensive to make and performs like multi-walled carbon nanotube paper used as a battery.

• Biofuel Cells

Biofuel cells operate similarly to electrochemical batteries, except that they utilize components such as sugar, ethanol, pyruvate, and lactate, instead of metals to facilitate redox reactions to produce electrical energy. The enhanced paper is used to contain and separate the positive and negative components of the biofuel cell. This paper biofuel cell started up much more quickly than a conventional biofuel cell since the porous paper was able to absorb the positive biofuel and promote the attachment of bacteria to the positive biofuel. This battery capable of producing a significant amount of power after being activated by a wide range of liquids and then be disposed of. Some development must take place since some components are toxic and expensive.

Naturally occurring electrolytes might allow?biocompatible?batteries for use on or within living bodies. ?Paper batteries described by a researcher as a way to power a small device such as a pacemaker without introducing any harsh chemicals such as the kind that is typically found in batteries in the body.

Their ability to use electrolytes in the blood makes them potentially useful for medical devices such as?pacemakers,?medical diagnostic?equipment, and drug delivery?transdermal patches. German healthcare company KSW Microtech is using the material to power?blood?supply temperature monitoring.

• Supercapacitors

Paper battery technology can be used in?supercapacitors. Supercapacitors operate and are manufactured similarly to electrochemical batteries, but are generally capable of greater performance and are able to be recharged. Paper or enhanced paper can be used to develop thin, flexible supercapacitors that are lightweight less expensive. The paper that has been enhanced with carbon nanotubes is generally preferred over regular paper because it has increased strength and allows for easier transfer of electrons between the two metals. The electrolyte and the electrode are embedded into the paper which produces a flexible paper supercapacitor that can compete with some commercial supercapacitors produced today. A paper supercapacitor would be well suited for a high power application.

• Nanogenerators

Nanogenerators are a more recent device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy. Paper is desirable as a component of nanogenerators for the same reasons discussed above. Such devices are able to capture movement, such as body movement, and convert that energy into electrical energy that could power LED lights, for example.

“When you take technology and mix it with art, you always come up with something innovative”

Advantages of Paper Battery:-?

The composition of these batteries is what sets them apart from traditional batteries.

• Paper is abundant and self-sustaining, which makes paper cheap. Disposing of paper is also inexpensive since paper is combustible as well as biodegradable.
• Using paper gives the battery a great degree of flexibility.
• The battery can be bent or wrapped around objects instead of requiring a fixed casing.
• Being a thin, flat sheet, the paper battery can easily fit into tight places, reducing the size and weight of the device it powers.
• The use of paper increases the electron flow which is well suited for high-performance applications. Paper allows for capillary action so fluids in batteries, such as electrolytes, can be moved without the use of an external pump.
• Using paper in batteries increases the surface area that can be used integrate reagents. The paper used in paper batteries can be supplemented to improve its performance characteristics.
• Patterning techniques such as photolithography, wax printing, and laser micromachining are used to create hydrophobic and hydrophilic sections on the paper to create a pathway to direct the capillary action of the fluids used in batteries.
• Similar techniques can be used to create electrical pathways on paper to create paper electrical devices and can integrate paper energy storage.

Disadvantages

Although the advantages of paper batteries are quite impressive, many of the components that make them great, such as carbon nanotubes and pattering, are complicated and expensive.

“The science of today is the Technology of future”